Kota-Kota di mana Pendapatan Adalah Yang Paling Setara

Bagaimana mungkin Amerika dengan persamaan penghasilan? Mungkin sedikit seperti Romeoville, Illinois, atau Spring Hill, Tennessee. Ketika datang ke distribusi pendapatan, tempat-tempat ini adalah yang paling sama di negara ini, menurut studi Investmentmatome.

Tentu saja, ketimpangan pendapatan masih ada di antara rumah tangga di komunitas ini, tetapi perbedaan antara orang kaya dan orang miskin jauh lebih sedikit daripada di tempat lain di AS, di mana kesenjangan telah melebar.

Pada tahun 2007, rata-rata rumah tangga di atas 5% memiliki pendapatan 26 kali lebih tinggi daripada rata-rata rumah tangga di bawah 20%, dan pada 2013, perbedaan itu telah meningkat hingga hampir 30 kali lipat, menurut data dari Komunitas Amerika Biro Sensus AS. Survey.

Mengukur ketidaksetaraan

Ketimpangan ekonomi dapat diukur dengan banyak cara, seperti melalui distribusi kekayaan atau konsumsi. Untuk penelitian ini, kami memilih untuk fokus pada distribusi pendapatan rumah tangga di lebih dari 1.500 kota di AS. Untuk menentukan di mana paritas pendapatan terbesar dan ketidaksetaraan paling banyak ada, kami menggunakan indeks Gini, yang juga dikenal sebagai koefisien Gini. Indeks ini mengukur sejauh mana distribusi pendapatan berbeda dari kesetaraan sempurna.

Apa artinya angka-angka itu

Indeks Gini nol, menunjukkan kesetaraan sempurna, akan berarti bahwa setiap rumah tangga di AS memiliki pendapatan yang sama. Pada ujung spektrum, indeks 100 berarti satu rumah tangga menerima seluruh pendapatan negara. Indeks Gini untuk AS adalah 48 sebelum efek redistributif pajak dan transfer, seperti Jaminan Sosial dan kesejahteraan. Kota-kota AS menjangkau rentang yang luas pada indeks - dari 27 hingga 63.

Namun, ukuran relatif dari distribusi pendapatan ini tidak menceritakan keseluruhan ceritanya. Dengan sendirinya, indeks Gini dapat menunjukkan kesetaraan pendapatan kota, tetapi bukan kesehatan ekonomi masyarakat. Untuk mendapatkan gambaran itu, indeks dapat dipasangkan dengan data pendapatan median kota.

Di bawah ini adalah kota AS yang memiliki pendapatan paling sedikit dan setara. Kami telah menyertakan data tentang pendapatan median untuk 20% teratas dan 20% rumah tangga terbawah di setiap kota untuk menyajikan perkiraan tingkat kekayaan absolut di setiap area.

Dengan angka

59: Indeks Gini untuk Harrison, New York, yang termasuk yang tertinggi di AS dan menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan ekonomi antara penduduk kaya dan miskin adalah yang terbesar.

$936,926: Perbedaan di Newport Beach, California, antara pendapatan rata-rata untuk 20% bawah rumah tangga dan 5% teratas.

$108,032: Perbedaannya, salah satu yang terkecil di negara ini, di Romeoville, Illinois, antara pendapatan rata-rata untuk 20% bawah rumah tangga dan 20% teratas.

31 kali: Perbedaan di New Orleans, Louisiana, antara pendapatan rata-rata 20% teratas dan 20% rumah tangga terbawah.

Kota-kota yang paling sama di Amerika berdasarkan pendapatan

Pangkat	Kota dan negara bagian	Indeks Gini	Berarti rumah tangga pendapatan untuk 20% bawah	Berarti rumah tangga pendapatan untuk 20% tengah	Berarti pendapatan rumah tangga untuk 20% teratas	Pendapatan rumah tangga rata-rata
1	Romeoville, Illinois	30.36	$24,315	$67,645	$132,347	$66,034
2	Spring Hill, Tennessee	30.96	$26,735	$74,214	$157,191	$75,390
3	Oswego, Illinois	31.69	$30,326	$92,716	$191,082	$92,142
4	Kyle, Texas	32.12	$23,274	$75,966	$151,363	$76,141
5	Wylie, Texas	32.43	$27,443	$82,046	$170,856	$82,036
6	Riverton, Utah	32.54	$31,771	$84,042	$190,321	$82,373
7	Andover, Minnesota	32.65	$30,091	$92,015	$188,847	$92,399
8	Cottage Grove, Minnesota	32.67	$27,358	$79,672	$172,203	$79,137
9	West Jordan, Utah	32.8	$21,750	$66,668	$141,025	$66,263
10	Jordan Selatan, Utah	32.96	$32,932	$87,577	$199,260	$86,775
11	Kemerdekaan, Kentucky	33.01	$18,155	$65,413	$133,275	$64,297
12	Plainfield, Illinois	33.08	$36,265	$107,304	$228,633	$107,932
13	Roy, Utah	33.18	$18,860	$59,779	$126,575	$59,468
14	Danau Tanduk, Mississippi	33.59	$14,756	$47,200	$100,597	$46,935
15	Little Elm, Texas	33.61	$25,371	$78,936	$168,719	$77,612
16	Derby, Kansas	33.62	$20,758	$64,844	$142,393	$65,412
17	Maricopa, Arizona	33.64	$23,831	$66,029	$150,381	$64,705
18	Ramsey, Minnesota	33.74	$30,860	$83,443	$191,655	$82,099
19	La Vergne, Tennessee	33.77	$21,755	$54,987	$132,820	$53,498
20	Lenox baru, Illinois	33.78	$27,914	$90,567	$192,568	$90,950
21	Corinth, Texas	33.84	$26,634	$90,093	$193,627	$88,713
22	Syracuse, Utah	33.85	$30,813	$84,617	$194,438	$83,963
23	Flower Mound, Texas	34.15	$41,879	$121,737	$280,414	$121,605
24	Fork Spanyol, Utah	34.16	$20,809	$61,258	$138,464	$62,073
25	Rosemount, Minnesota	34.27	$27,864	$90,630	$197,690	$90,012
26	South Elgin, Illinois	34.45	$24,609	$82,677	$177,675	$81,566
27	Apex, Carolina Utara	34.63	$27,594	$91,980	$199,557	$89,269
28	Champlin, Minnesota	34.71	$27,639	$81,569	$187,463	$82,270
29	Rowlett, Texas	34.73	$25,143	$83,074	$184,714	$83,002
30	Homer Glen, Illinois	34.77	$27,417	$92,148	$206,443	$92,841
31	Watauga, Texas	34.92	$16,601	$61,217	$134,471	$60,138
31	Danau di Perbukitan, Illinois	34.92	$25,289	$83,836	$188,002	$82,987
33	La Puente, California	35.24	$17,654	$54,656	$127,825	$54,510
34	Bowie, Maryland	35.31	$31,217	$103,878	$235,727	$103,618
34	Lehi, Utah	35.31	$26,478	$74,949	$181,527	$74,566
36	Elk River, Minnesota	35.39	$23,080	$75,747	$170,762	$73,586
37	O’Fallon, Missouri	35.52	$22,735	$76,263	$173,021	$76,691
38	Parker, Colorado	35.54	$26,964	$95,328	$215,081	$96,429
38	Kejutan, Arizona	35.54	$16,792	$57,024	$131,680	$56,741
40	Bartlett, Illinois	35.78	$27,126	$96,839	$217,977	$97,590
41	Bartlett, Tennessee	35.84	$27,070	$78,413	$191,021	$79,116
42	St. Peters, Missouri	35.94	$20,912	$68,576	$160,988	$68,329
43	Moorpark, California	35.96	$29,300	$100,975	$237,894	$100,477
44	Mount Juliet, Tennessee	36.04	$19,433	$69,121	$159,724	$68,986
44	North Ridgeville, Ohio	36.04	$19,764	$65,274	$152,610	$65,255
46	Ankeny, Iowa	36.06	$18,834	$72,236	$163,028	$71,469
46	Wentzville, Missouri	36.06	$23,238	$70,779	$176,097	$68,765
48	Oviedo, Florida	36.07	$22,638	$82,221	$189,178	$82,143
48	Pelham, Alabama	36.07	$21,129	$68,651	$161,315	$68,347
50	Villa Park, Illinois	36.08	$18,461	$72,735	$159,942	$72,831

Kota-kota yang paling tidak sama di Amerika berdasarkan pendapatan

Pangkat	Kota dan negara bagian	Indeks Gini	Berarti pendapatan rumah tangga untuk 20% terbawah	Berarti pendapatan rumah tangga untuk 20% tengah	Berarti pendapatan rumah tangga untuk 20% teratas	Pendapatan rumah tangga rata-rata
1	Cookeville, Tennessee	63.48	$2,666	$27,389	$176,180	$27,090
1	Beverly Hills, California	63.48	$14,055	$91,971	$662,761	$89,225
3	Miami Beach, Florida	61.07	$8,840	$42,209	$276,750	$42,295
4	East Lansing, Michigan	60.78	$4,178	$32,919	$202,562	$32,644
4	Naples, Florida	60.78	$13,217	$79,251	$499,784	$77,294
6	Athena, Ohio	60.74	$2,520	$17,566	$123,872	$17,774
7	Carbondale, Illinois	59.95	$1,483	$17,801	$111,250	$17,236
8	Blacksburg, Virginia	59.69	$2,889	$31,627	$179,237	$30,883
9	Ithaca, New York	59.31	$600	$28,179	$144,947	$28,208
10	Harrison, New York	58.62	$21,857	$108,302	$632,220	$104,340
10	State College, Pennsylvania	58.62	$2,451	$27,146	$141,020	$26,529
12	Atlanta, Georgia	58.59	$6,865	$47,022	$254,085	$46,783
13	Monroe, Louisiana	58.23	$5,863	$27,247	$161,512	$26,630
14	West Lafayette, Indiana	57.34	$3,437	$29,875	$154,217	$29,901
14	Bloomington, Indiana	57.34	$3,009	$28,232	$142,916	$27,393
16	Sandy Springs, Georgia	57.13	$12,634	$61,267	$347,238	$60,777
17	Harvey, Illinois	56.91	$669	$19,500	$91,816	$19,531
18	Hattiesburg, Mississippi	56.89	$4,926	$26,432	$136,075	$25,991
19	Winter Park, Florida	56.79	$13,274	$60,685	$340,382	$60,434
20	College Station, Texas	56.4	$3,763	$31,476	$159,595	$30,947
21	Statesboro, Georgia	56.36	$2,309	$21,681	$98,797	$21,375
22	New Orleans, Louisiana	56.24	$5,784	$36,099	$177,840	$35,837
23	Miami, Florida	56.11	$6,218	$30,223	$155,335	$30,126
24	Urbana, Illinois	56.07	$3,214	$28,628	$137,229	$28,085
25	Oxford, Ohio	55.55	$3,001	$33,478	$154,086	$34,159
26	Cincinnati, Ohio	55.22	$4,943	$32,733	$151,700	$32,316
27	Chapel Hill, North Carolina	55.09	$7,635	$65,732	$298,119	$63,757
28	Greenville, Carolina Selatan	55.05	$7,018	$39,860	$192,954	$39,591
29	Galveston, Texas	55.04	$6,352	$38,690	$176,812	$38,218
30	Coral Gables, Florida	54.84	$15,456	$91,511	$422,713	$91,019
31	Ruston, Louisiana	54.83	$2,017	$26,328	$115,477	$25,315
32	Newport Beach, California	54.81	$18,018	$107,755	$504,144	$107,257
32	KTT, New Jersey	54.81	$27,126	$117,674	$605,420	$115,184
34	Berkeley, California	54.69	$6,918	$62,951	$272,963	$62,761
35	Bonita Springs, Florida	54.64	$12,857	$51,286	$256,573	$51,009
36	Athena-Clarke County, Georgia	54.6	$3,726	$32,010	$139,988	$31,884
37	Texarkana, Texas	54.51	$7,669	$38,530	$170,701	$38,826
38	Providence, Rhode Island	54.48	$6,176	$36,878	$165,352	$36,700
39	Atlantic City, New Jersey	54.42	$5,636	$26,813	$124,957	$26,511
40	Kota New York, New York	54.38	$9,119	$51,828	$233,613	$51,526
41	Starkville, Mississippi	54.27	$4,175	$29,563	$134,256	$30,220
42	Danau Oswego, Oregon	54.22	$16,876	$79,280	$377,492	$78,555
43	Dallas, Texas	54.19	$9,237	$42,537	$202,654	$42,026
44	Auburn, Alabama	54.17	$4,301	$39,613	$168,316	$39,378
45	Kent, Ohio	54.03	$5,123	$34,262	$151,147	$33,280
46	Tampa, Florida	54.02	$8,450	$42,259	$196,934	$41,927
47	West Hollywood, California	54	$9,444	$54,428	$244,730	$52,829
48	Statesville, Carolina Utara	53.97	$7,302	$31,845	$148,760	$31,546
49	Myrtle Beach, Carolina Selatan	53.96	$9,627	$35,965	$177,810	$34,621
50	Fayetteville, Arkansas	53.81	$5,261	$37,285	$165,035	$36,619

Kota-kota di mana ketimpangan pendapatan paling menurun dari 2007 hingga 2013

Pangkat	Kota dan negara bagian	Indeks Gini pada tahun 2007	Berarti pendapatan rumah tangga untuk 20% di bawah pada tahun 2007	Berarti pendapatan rumah tangga untuk 20% pertengahan tahun 2007	Berarti pendapatan rumah tangga untuk 20% teratas pada tahun 2007	Pendapatan rumah tangga rata-rata pada tahun 2007	Indeks Gini pada tahun 2013	Berarti pendapatan rumah tangga untuk 20% di bawah pada tahun 2013	Berarti pendapatan rumah tangga untuk 20% tengah tahun 2013	Berarti pendapatan rumah tangga untuk 20% teratas pada tahun 2013	Pendapatan rumah tangga rata-rata pada tahun 2013	Pengurangan indeks Gini 2007-2013
1	Laguna Hills, California	54.6	$22,039	$102,043	$487,580	$100,869	45.8	$23,145	$92,650	$311,930	$92,294	8.78
2	Tupelo, Mississippi	54.1	$8,253	$45,320	$201,640	$44,113	47.2	$9,214	$41,831	$142,068	$41,465	6.94
3	Portsmouth, Ohio	54.8	$5,236	$23,456	$116,502	$23,301	48.2	$7,436	$29,256	$109,214	$28,956	6.59
4	Pasadena Selatan, California	51.7	$18,283	$86,035	$352,968	$85,878	45.3	$21,522	$81,494	$280,208	$81,398	6.4
4	Alexandria, Louisiana	56.7	$7,222	$32,762	$173,529	$32,721	50.3	$7,959	$34,338	$139,827	$34,197	6.4
6	New Braunfels, Texas	44.2	$13,799	$60,543	$182,613	$60,075	37.8	$15,876	$56,597	$138,802	$56,391	6.36
7	Sarasota, Florida	57.3	$10,792	$44,586	$246,859	$44,015	51.1	$10,402	$42,064	$177,344	$42,782	6.24
8	Fitchburg, Massachusetts	48.6	$11,029	$49,920	$172,834	$49,241	42.4	$10,024	$43,962	$124,522	$44,312	6.18
9	Ruston, Louisiana	60.9	$3,712	$29,384	$168,404	$27,808	54.8	$2,017	$26,328	$115,477	$25,315	6.07
10	Ridgecrest, California	46.0	$10,763	$56,990	$178,352	$57,209	40.0	$12,556	$58,449	$145,634	$57,708	6.05
11	Moorpark, California	41.5	$26,607	$102,920	$290,865	$101,237	36.0	$29,300	$100,975	$237,894	$100,477	5.54
11	Carteret, New Jersey	45.9	$9,494	$56,761	$176,807	$57,614	40.4	$10,961	$58,350	$139,640	$57,763	5.54
13	Duncanville, Texas	42.6	$14,835	$55,580	$166,843	$54,343	37.3	$16,817	$54,865	$139,960	$55,619	5.26
14	Tuscaloosa, Alabama	56.9	$5,083	$32,564	$164,741	$32,103	51.7	$6,842	$37,331	$151,364	$37,901	5.18
15	Aiken, Carolina Selatan	51.8	$9,389	$54,418	$226,576	$53,934	46.7	$10,374	$52,488	$175,070	$51,627	5.1
16	Quincy, Illinois	48.0	$9,746	$39,491	$141,745	$39,517	42.9	$9,999	$39,001	$117,108	$38,805	5.06
17	Pearl, Mississippi	44.4	$10,235	$41,640	$132,038	$41,481	39.4	$13,354	$45,340	$122,814	$46,474	4.98
18	Columbus, Nebraska	42.3	$13,546	$49,915	$146,483	$50,423	37.3	$15,724	$47,877	$123,789	$47,265	4.97
19	Madera, California	45.5	$13,191	$44,846	$152,779	$45,476	40.7	$10,449	$41,130	$113,102	$40,975	4.77
20	Saratoga, California	49.6	$28,176	$156,584	$576,900	$154,223	44.9	$33,323	$175,597	$535,514	$170,373	4.73
21	Spartanburg, Carolina Selatan	54.4	$7,526	$35,503	$162,659	$36,216	49.7	$5,380	$32,870	$117,571	$33,381	4.68
22	Northport, Alabama	45.0	$7,308	$47,930	$135,345	$48,414	40.3	$11,632	$50,395	$128,354	$50,617	4.68
23	Dana Point, California	51.3	$19,521	$91,643	$366,963	$91,751	46.6	$19,693	$82,738	$289,429	$81,584	4.67
24	Bethel Park, Pennsylvania	42.5	$17,188	$66,316	$190,411	$66,427	37.9	$19,963	$70,737	$174,450	$71,229	4.6
25	Charleston, Illinois	57.6	$3,675	$23,811	$134,131	$23,381	53.1	$5,807	$26,960	$127,896	$26,521	4.54
26	Parkland, Florida	43.9	$30,296	$117,590	$364,832	$116,726	39.6	$37,604	$125,865	$344,270	$126,105	4.34
27	Wake Forest, North Carolina	42.4	$19,340	$68,003	$207,257	$66,228	38.2	$19,271	$80,102	$193,760	$78,791	4.21
28	Columbus, Indiana	46.9	$12,964	$54,439	$188,779	$53,347	42.7	$13,984	$54,785	$161,626	$54,877	4.19
29	Lake Forest, Illinois	56.6	$36,063	$175,360	$953,476	$169,278	52.4	$27,948	$159,681	$686,283	$152,415	4.17
30	Ferguson, Missouri	46.0	$9,459	$40,325	$132,633	$40,737	41.8	$7,439	$39,074	$101,810	$39,377	4.16
31	Fredericksburg, Virginia	52.4	$12,030	$49,027	$213,400	$48,208	48.3	$10,250	$48,869	$178,601	$47,945	4.11
32	Gunung Rocky, Carolina Utara	48.3	$6,866	$40,607	$142,041	$40,454	44.2	$8,931	$36,086	$113,190	$36,308	4.08
32	Sumter, Carolina Selatan	52.5	$8,707	$33,650	$156,287	$33,114	48.4	$7,650	$38,644	$141,415	$38,825	4.08
34	Bessemer, Alabama	50.6	$7,133	$31,578	$130,098	$31,582	46.6	$5,398	$28,838	$96,060	$28,991	4.01
35	Kota Ponca, Oklahoma	47.4	$10,696	$42,708	$149,976	$42,568	43.4	$10,792	$40,011	$124,122	$40,059	3.98
36	Bartlesville, Oklahoma	49.0	$11,274	$46,860	$175,373	$46,874	45.1	$11,581	$48,465	$157,570	$47,928	3.91
37	Cornelius, North Carolina	48.4	$25,681	$87,450	$351,005	$85,970	44.6	$20,920	$75,984	$248,865	$76,959	3.84
38	Odessa, Texas	46.9	$11,033	$47,554	$162,088	$47,102	43.1	$13,968	$54,427	$164,470	$54,009	3.82
39	Eureka, California	46.3	$8,027	$35,155	$123,505	$34,962	42.5	$9,870	$37,808	$113,453	$37,683	3.76
40	Williamsport, Pennsylvania	48.2	$6,562	$30,540	$111,285	$30,245	44.5	$7,697	$34,839	$106,912	$35,096	3.71
41	Lake Havasu City, Arizona	45.2	$13,913	$46,714	$162,078	$45,969	41.5	$11,559	$42,065	$123,231	$41,533	3.68
42	Watertown, New York	45.8	$8,641	$37,168	$121,474	$37,099	42.1	$9,453	$38,874	$108,903	$38,736	3.67
43	Edinburg, Texas	49.0	$5,177	$34,759	$121,509	$33,429	45.3	$8,193	$43,602	$131,233	$44,066	3.66
44	Salisbury, North Carolina	50.6	$8,619	$42,016	$163,898	$41,880	47.0	$8,113	$34,737	$120,413	$35,036	3.64
45	New Bern, North Carolina	49.0	$7,350	$37,341	$133,262	$36,624	45.4	$7,390	$42,551	$125,555	$42,691	3.63
46	Villa Park, Illinois	39.6	$18,092	$72,031	$186,927	$72,347	36.1	$18,461	$72,735	$159,942	$72,831	3.52
46	Corsicana, Texas	48.1	$7,945	$35,009	$125,578	$35,217	44.6	$8,766	$35,636	$114,720	$36,022	3.52
48	Crown Point, Indiana	43.4	$18,073	$62,285	$193,186	$60,465	39.9	$16,127	$61,219	$161,425	$61,574	3.46
48	Big Spring, Texas	46.1	$7,694	$33,527	$114,075	$32,641	42.6	$10,230	$44,584	$130,506	$43,993	3.46
50	Marion, Iowa	41.9	$17,024	$59,096	$171,192	$59,815	38.4	$16,124	$64,859	$155,497	$64,582	3.46

Metodologi

Untuk menemukan tempat di mana pendapatan negara adalah yang paling dan setara, kami memberi peringkat kota menggunakan indeks Gini dari Survei Komunitas Amerika Kepolisian Amerika Serikat tahun 2013.

Untuk menemukan kota-kota di mana kesetaraan pendapatan meningkat, kami melihat perubahan mutlak dalam indeks Gini dari 2007 hingga 2013.

Lehi, Utah, gambar melalui iStock.